Eine italienische Untersuchung mit 1.486 Teilnehmern hat die Häufigkeit von Bluthochdruck bei Kopfschmerzpatienten ermittelt. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass Bluthochdruck bei allen Kopfschmerzarten häufiger als in der Gesamtbevölkerung auftritt. Zwischen den verschiedenen Kopfschmerzarten wurden allerdings signifikante Unterschiede beobachtet, z. B.:
- Medikamentenkopfschmerz 60,6 %
- Chronischer Spannungskopfschmerz 55,3 %
- Clusterkopfschmerz 35 %
- Migräne ohne Aura 23 %
- Migräne mit Aura 16,9 %
Abstract:
Hypertension in headache patients? A clinical study.
Pietrini U, De Luca M, De Santis G.
Headache Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Objectives - The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension in patients with headache, coming to the observation of an Headache Center. Materials and methods - A total of 1486 consecutive outpatients were examined, and blood pressure was determined in all patients. Results - Migraine without aura (MO) was the most common diagnosis, followed by migraine associated with tension-type headache, migraine with aura (MA), episodic tension-type headache (ETTH), chronic tension-type headache (CTTH), cluster headache (CH), and medication-overuse headache (MOH). Hypertension was present in 28% of the patients, and it was particularly common in MOH (60.6%), CTTH (55.3%), CH (35%), ETTH (31.4%), less common in MO (23%) and MA (16.9%). In all headache groups, the prevalence of hypertension was higher than in the general population, within all age groups. After adjustment for age and gender, hypertension was found to be more common in tension-type, and especially in CTTH, than in migraine. These findings could be affected by 'Berkson's bias': and should not be extrapolated to the general population, but apply only to the subpopulation of patients who come to the observation of an Headache Center, and who may have more disabling symptoms. Conclusion - Hypertension could be one of the factors leading to exacerbation of the frequency and severity of attacks, both in migraine and tension-type headache. Hypertension has important therapeutic implications and should be actively sought in headache patients, and more thoroughly investigated, with ad-hoc surveys in the general population.
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